The Segond fracture is an avulsion fracture involving the lateral tibia immediately distal to the lateral plateau.  It was first described by Paul Segond in 1879 in cadaveric experiments before the use of x rays.  Numerous studies have demonstrated a high association of Segond fracture with anterior cruciate ligament (75%-100%) and meniscal tears (67%).  Thus, the presence of Segond fracture indicates substantial meniscoligamentous injury.

     A rare, mirror image of the Segond fracture has also been described - the "reverse Segond fracture" – an avulsion off the medial tibia.  This can occur after an avulsion of the tibial component of the medial collateral ligament (MCL) in association with posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) and medial meniscal tears